Backgammon (1630)

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Tempo di Gioco: 30
Età Min.: 8
Giocatori: 2
Editore: Golden, Joker, play time, (Self-Published), Pintoy, El Greco, Pendleton, Chadwick Miller Inc., Waddington Sanders Ltd., Otto Maier Verlag, Fratelli Fabbri Editori (Fabbri Editore), Pelikan, Carlit, (Public Domain), Deuce, Glevum Games, Fundex, Wood Expressions, Zontik Games, Arrow Games Ltd, Bütehorn Spiele (Buchholz Verlag), Cathay, Magnetic Poetry Inc, Milton Bradley, House of Marbles, Fame Products, Chad Valley Co Ltd., John N. Hansen Co., Inc., K.E.Leg, Lagoon Games, WHSmith, StirlingFox, Invicta Games, Oriental Trading Company, Editions ATLAS, Estrela, Noris Spiele, Heyne, The Op Games, Diset S. A., S & E, Super Accord, Maxco, HABA, Philos, LuduScience, Editrice Giochi, The Toy Network, Wm F. Drueke & Sons, Inc., Unicorn Products, Bello Games New York, Inc., Classic Toys, Dilemma Games, Planet Finska, Cardinal, Galleryplay, Ravensburger, OPEN'N PLAY, Brio AB, John Sands Pty Ltd, Kingstone International, Basic Fun, Inc., Dos Reis, Bisonte, Saitek, Klee, Majora, Western Publishing Company, Hasbro, The Purple Cow, Tactic, Challenge Master Game Co Ltd, Schmidt France, Creative Crafthouse, Waddingtons, Gamut of Games, Peri Spiele, Søstrene Grene, Schmidt Spiele, Crisloid, Top Mark, Origem, Regionalia Verlag GmbH, Schmidt International, Schou, Berliner Spielkarten, Daells Varehus, Gold Medal, Pressman Toy Corp., Jumbo, Fifth Avenue Crystal Ltd., Skor-Mor, Dal Negro, Vennerød Forlag AS, Dino Toys s. r. o., American Express, Hector Saxe, HEMA, Pavilion, Spear's Games, Inovac Rima SA, 3M, Gigliodoro, Blatz, Masters Games, Przedsiebiorstwo Zagraniczne LABO, Gammon Games, IRWIN Games, National Novelty Corp., F.X. Schmid, Smethport Specialty Co., Flying Tiger Copenhagen, Mitra, Węgiel, Pleasantime Games, Harlekin, Whitman, Sterling Games, Game Factory, L. P. Septímio, Croner, Galison, Cayro, The Games, Square Root Games, ABRA, MB Spiele, House Martin, Neroulia, Sladecolour Board Games, Ariel Productions Ltd, Silk Cut, RoseArt, P:OS Handels GmbH, Friendly Games, Inc., Caribou Mountaineering, Inc., John Jaques of London, Ramsons, Wild & Wolf, Dynamic Games / Dynamic Design Industries, Paul Lamond Games Ltd, Matsui Gaming Machine, Reiss Games, nestorgames, Merit, Poolmaster, Ghisò, Ludens Planet, E. S. Lowe Company Inc., Gibsons, Marigó, Halsall, M Petrushkin, Westside Fun Games, Selchow & Righter, MB Spellen, Juegos Ya S.L., Palet spil, CHH Games, Alga, (Unknown), ASS Altenburger Spielkarten, Pin International, Piatnik, Marlboro
Designer: (Uncredited)
Artisti: Willem Cornelisz Duyster, Christian Lacroix
Meccaniche: Roll / Spin and Move, Track Movement, Race, Betting and Bluffing, Static Capture, Score-and-Reset Game, Dice Rolling

Backgammon is a classic abstract strategy game dating back thousands of years. Each player has a set of 15 checkers (or stones) that must be moved from their starting positions, around, and then off the board. Dice are thrown each turn, and each player must decide which of their checkers to move based on the outcome of the roll. Players can capture each other's checkers, forcing the captured checkers to restart their journey around the board. The winner is the first player to get all 15 checkers off the board. A more recent addition to the game is the "doubling cube", which allows players to up the stakes of the game. Although the game relies on dice to determine movement, there is a large degree of strategy in deciding how to make the most effective moves given each dice roll and measuring the risk in terms of possible rolls the opponent may get.

Backgammon may be the first game to be mentioned in written history, going back 5,000 years to the Sumerians of ancient Mesopotamia. During the 1920s, archaeologists unearthed five boards from a cemetery in the ancient town of Ur. At another location, pieces and dice were also found along with the board. Boards from ancient Egypt have also been recovered from the tomb of Tutankhamun, including a mechanical dice box, no doubt intended to stop cheaters.

The names of the game were many. In Persia, Takhteh Nard which means "Battle on Wood". In Egypt, Tau, which may be the ancestor of Senat. In Rome, Ludus Duodecim Scriptorum ("game of twelve marks"), later, Tabula ("table"), and by the sixth century, Alea ("dice"). In ancient China, T-shu-p-u and later in Japan, Sugoroko. The English name may derive from "Bac gamen" meaning "Back Game", referring to re-entry of taken stones back to the board. It was often enjoyed by the upper classes and is sometimes called "The Aristocratic Game". The Roman Emperor Claudius was known to be such a fan of Tabula that he had a set built into his coach so he could play as he traveled (the world's first travel edition?).

The rules in English were standardized in 1743 by Edmond Hoyle. These remained popular until the American innovations of the 1930s.



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ag.gameitem.lastUpdated: 2025-04-30 05:13:13.637