Backgammon (1630)

Spielbild 419cd83f96780f1701967f3bbbf505b4_thb.jpg

Spielzeit: 30
Min. Alter: 8
Spieler: 2
Verlag: Chadwick Miller Inc., Joker, ASS Altenburger Spielkarten, Fame Products, play time, Harlekin, Milton Bradley, RoseArt, Marlboro, Palet spil, (Unknown), American Express, Silk Cut, 3M, Matsui Gaming Machine, Magnetic Poetry Inc, LuduScience, Klee, P:OS Handels GmbH, OPEN'N PLAY, The Toy Network, Fratelli Fabbri Editori (Fabbri Editore), Søstrene Grene, Piatnik, Gigliodoro, Sladecolour Board Games, Friendly Games, Inc., Masters Games, Gamut of Games, John Jaques of London, Deuce, Merit, K.E.Leg, Dal Negro, Schmidt Spiele, Pintoy, Pin International, John N. Hansen Co., Inc., Cardinal, House of Marbles, Philos, Dino Toys s. r. o., Tactic, Origem, Super Accord, IRWIN Games, Golden, Whitman, Vennerød Forlag AS, Bisonte, Oriental Trading Company, F.X. Schmid, Challenge Master Game Co Ltd, Schmidt France, Croner, Inovac Rima SA, StirlingFox, Invicta Games, Basic Fun, Inc., WHSmith, Heyne, Fundex, Lagoon Games, Maxco, Reiss Games, Halsall, Cayro, The Games, Wild & Wolf, Saitek, Mitra, Arrow Games Ltd, Wm F. Drueke & Sons, Inc., (Self-Published), Marigó, Alga, E. S. Lowe Company Inc., Schou, (Public Domain), Game Factory, Editions ATLAS, Zontik Games, Ariel Productions Ltd, Hector Saxe, Waddingtons, Carlit, Westside Fun Games, Square Root Games, Majora, Poolmaster, HEMA, Kingstone International, Ramsons, Ghisò, Hasbro, Sterling Games, Flying Tiger Copenhagen, House Martin, The Purple Cow, Ludens Planet, Planet Finska, Editrice Giochi, Caribou Mountaineering, Inc., Schmidt International, Gold Medal, Przedsiebiorstwo Zagraniczne LABO, Smethport Specialty Co., Chad Valley Co Ltd., L. P. Septímio, Gibsons, John Sands Pty Ltd, HABA, nestorgames, Crisloid, Diset S. A., Selchow & Righter, Classic Toys, Western Publishing Company, Juegos Ya S.L., Pleasantime Games, Dos Reis, Waddington Sanders Ltd., Galison, ABRA, M Petrushkin, S & E, Neroulia, Fifth Avenue Crystal Ltd., Dilemma Games, Daells Varehus, Dynamic Games / Dynamic Design Industries, National Novelty Corp., Noris Spiele, Pavilion, Glevum Games, Bütehorn Spiele (Buchholz Verlag), Otto Maier Verlag, Ravensburger, Galleryplay, Wood Expressions, Bello Games New York, Inc., The Op Games, Brio AB, Regionalia Verlag GmbH, MB Spellen, Unicorn Products, Jumbo, Pelikan, Spear's Games, Pendleton, Gammon Games, Berliner Spielkarten, Estrela, MB Spiele, CHH Games, Peri Spiele, Top Mark, Cathay, Creative Crafthouse, Skor-Mor, Węgiel, El Greco, Paul Lamond Games Ltd, Blatz, Pressman Toy Corp.
Designer: (Uncredited)
Künstler: Willem Cornelisz Duyster, Christian Lacroix
Mechaniken: Score-and-Reset Game, Static Capture, Betting and Bluffing, Dice Rolling, Track Movement, Race, Roll / Spin and Move

Beschreibung anzeigen Kommentare anzeigen Preisentwicklung

Backgammon is a classic abstract strategy game dating back thousands of years. Each player has a set of 15 checkers (or stones) that must be moved from their starting positions, around, and then off the board. Dice are thrown each turn, and each player must decide which of their checkers to move based on the outcome of the roll. Players can capture each other's checkers, forcing the captured checkers to restart their journey around the board. The winner is the first player to get all 15 checkers off the board. A more recent addition to the game is the "doubling cube", which allows players to up the stakes of the game. Although the game relies on dice to determine movement, there is a large degree of strategy in deciding how to make the most effective moves given each dice roll and measuring the risk in terms of possible rolls the opponent may get.

Backgammon may be the first game to be mentioned in written history, going back 5,000 years to the Sumerians of ancient Mesopotamia. During the 1920s, archaeologists unearthed five boards from a cemetery in the ancient town of Ur. At another location, pieces and dice were also found along with the board. Boards from ancient Egypt have also been recovered from the tomb of Tutankhamun, including a mechanical dice box, no doubt intended to stop cheaters.

The names of the game were many. In Persia, Takhteh Nard which means "Battle on Wood". In Egypt, Tau, which may be the ancestor of Senat. In Rome, Ludus Duodecim Scriptorum ("game of twelve marks"), later, Tabula ("table"), and by the sixth century, Alea ("dice"). In ancient China, T-shu-p-u and later in Japan, Sugoroko. The English name may derive from "Bac gamen" meaning "Back Game", referring to re-entry of taken stones back to the board. It was often enjoyed by the upper classes and is sometimes called "The Aristocratic Game". The Roman Emperor Claudius was known to be such a fan of Tabula that he had a set built into his coach so he could play as he traveled (the world's first travel edition?).

The rules in English were standardized in 1743 by Edmond Hoyle. These remained popular until the American innovations of the 1930s.

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