Backgammon (1630)

Game Image 419cd83f96780f1701967f3bbbf505b4_thb.jpg 🔎
Playtime: 30
Min. Age: 8
Players: 2
Publisher: Carlit, Matsui Gaming Machine, WHSmith, Croner, play time, Hector Saxe, Tactic, Jumbo, John Sands Pty Ltd, P:OS Handels GmbH, Pressman Toy Corp., MB Spiele, Philos, Super Accord, Vennerød Forlag AS, Unicorn Products, Pelikan, Merit, Fifth Avenue Crystal Ltd., Invicta Games, Schou, Blatz, Schmidt Spiele, Harlekin, Saitek, Pavilion, Waddington Sanders Ltd., Brio AB, Gammon Games, Oriental Trading Company, Chadwick Miller Inc., Dynamic Games / Dynamic Design Industries, Regionalia Verlag GmbH, Western Publishing Company, L. P. Septímio, Classic Toys, House of Marbles, Fame Products, Magnetic Poetry Inc, Schmidt International, Bello Games New York, Inc., Chad Valley Co Ltd., Editrice Giochi, American Express, Westside Fun Games, Creative Crafthouse, 3M, Origem, Hasbro, Przedsiebiorstwo Zagraniczne LABO, The Toy Network, Dilemma Games, Basic Fun, Inc., nestorgames, Daells Varehus, Spear's Games, Klee, The Purple Cow, Inovac Rima SA, Węgiel, S & E, Milton Bradley, Bisonte, National Novelty Corp., Galleryplay, Ramsons, Whitman, RoseArt, CHH Games, Ludens Planet, Estrela, Marlboro, Pendleton, Galison, LuduScience, Cathay, Palet spil, Bütehorn Spiele (Buchholz Verlag), (Self-Published), K.E.Leg, Wood Expressions, Halsall, Golden, Silk Cut, Glevum Games, Deuce, Caribou Mountaineering, Inc., Fratelli Fabbri Editori (Fabbri Editore), OPEN'N PLAY, Maxco, El Greco, Otto Maier Verlag, Gigliodoro, HEMA, Gibsons, Majora, E. S. Lowe Company Inc., Crisloid, Sterling Games, Fundex, Dino Toys s. r. o., Neroulia, Mitra, Dal Negro, Joker, Dos Reis, Alga, Pleasantime Games, Masters Games, F.X. Schmid, Skor-Mor, ABRA, Reiss Games, Flying Tiger Copenhagen, Waddingtons, M Petrushkin, Ariel Productions Ltd, Schmidt France, Wild & Wolf, MB Spellen, (Unknown), Kingstone International, Sladecolour Board Games, Arrow Games Ltd, Friendly Games, Inc., ASS Altenburger Spielkarten, Cardinal, Cayro, The Games, Challenge Master Game Co Ltd, Gold Medal, John Jaques of London, Gamut of Games, John N. Hansen Co., Inc., Søstrene Grene, Selchow & Righter, Planet Finska, Ghisò, Juegos Ya S.L., IRWIN Games, Peri Spiele, Wm F. Drueke & Sons, Inc., The Op Games, Berliner Spielkarten, Ravensburger, Diset S. A., Editions ATLAS, Poolmaster, Smethport Specialty Co., Paul Lamond Games Ltd, Noris Spiele, Lagoon Games, Square Root Games, Heyne, Game Factory, Pin International, Top Mark, (Public Domain), HABA, Zontik Games, Pintoy, StirlingFox, Piatnik, Marigó, House Martin
Designers: (Uncredited)
Artists: Willem Cornelisz Duyster, Christian Lacroix
Mechanics: Score-and-Reset Game, Static Capture, Dice Rolling, Roll / Spin and Move, Race, Betting and Bluffing, Track Movement

Backgammon is a classic abstract strategy game dating back thousands of years. Each player has a set of 15 checkers (or stones) that must be moved from their starting positions, around, and then off the board. Dice are thrown each turn, and each player must decide which of their checkers to move based on the outcome of the roll. Players can capture each other's checkers, forcing the captured checkers to restart their journey around the board. The winner is the first player to get all 15 checkers off the board. A more recent addition to the game is the "doubling cube", which allows players to up the stakes of the game. Although the game relies on dice to determine movement, there is a large degree of strategy in deciding how to make the most effective moves given each dice roll and measuring the risk in terms of possible rolls the opponent may get.

Backgammon may be the first game to be mentioned in written history, going back 5,000 years to the Sumerians of ancient Mesopotamia. During the 1920s, archaeologists unearthed five boards from a cemetery in the ancient town of Ur. At another location, pieces and dice were also found along with the board. Boards from ancient Egypt have also been recovered from the tomb of Tutankhamun, including a mechanical dice box, no doubt intended to stop cheaters.

The names of the game were many. In Persia, Takhteh Nard which means "Battle on Wood". In Egypt, Tau, which may be the ancestor of Senat. In Rome, Ludus Duodecim Scriptorum ("game of twelve marks"), later, Tabula ("table"), and by the sixth century, Alea ("dice"). In ancient China, T-shu-p-u and later in Japan, Sugoroko. The English name may derive from "Bac gamen" meaning "Back Game", referring to re-entry of taken stones back to the board. It was often enjoyed by the upper classes and is sometimes called "The Aristocratic Game". The Roman Emperor Claudius was known to be such a fan of Tabula that he had a set built into his coach so he could play as he traveled (the world's first travel edition?).

The rules in English were standardized in 1743 by Edmond Hoyle. These remained popular until the American innovations of the 1930s.



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ag.gameitem.lastUpdated: 2025-04-30 05:13:13.637