Backgammon (1630)
Tiempo de Juego: 30
Edad Mínima: 8
Jugadores: 2
Editor: F.X. Schmid, IRWIN Games, House Martin, play time, L. P. Septímio, Blatz, Paul Lamond Games Ltd, OPEN'N PLAY, Fame Products, Classic Toys, The Op Games, Gibsons, RoseArt, Dos Reis, John Sands Pty Ltd, Regionalia Verlag GmbH, Schmidt France, Pleasantime Games, Galison, Palet spil, Brio AB, Berliner Spielkarten, Silk Cut, Westside Fun Games, Schmidt Spiele, Heyne, Hector Saxe, Majora, LuduScience, Pin International, Marlboro, Invicta Games, John N. Hansen Co., Inc., Peri Spiele, Basic Fun, Inc., Crisloid, (Public Domain), Pressman Toy Corp., Schmidt International, Bello Games New York, Inc., Mitra, John Jaques of London, Western Publishing Company, Dal Negro, Marigó, Søstrene Grene, Piatnik, Selchow & Righter, Inovac Rima SA, StirlingFox, Square Root Games, Super Accord, Przedsiebiorstwo Zagraniczne LABO, Cayro, The Games, E. S. Lowe Company Inc., MB Spellen, Poolmaster, Noris Spiele, Game Factory, CHH Games, Kingstone International, Pendleton, Editions ATLAS, Flying Tiger Copenhagen, Waddingtons, Diset S. A., Fratelli Fabbri Editori (Fabbri Editore), Ariel Productions Ltd, Zontik Games, Deuce, HEMA, Hasbro, Reiss Games, Matsui Gaming Machine, Gamut of Games, Ramsons, Daells Varehus, Jumbo, Gammon Games, Pavilion, Otto Maier Verlag, Estrela, HABA, Juegos Ya S.L., Saitek, Carlit, Neroulia, P:OS Handels GmbH, Unicorn Products, National Novelty Corp., ASS Altenburger Spielkarten, Dino Toys s. r. o., Smethport Specialty Co., Harlekin, (Unknown), Ludens Planet, Friendly Games, Inc., Merit, Magnetic Poetry Inc, Ravensburger, WHSmith, Fifth Avenue Crystal Ltd., 3M, Glevum Games, Gold Medal, Klee, Wild & Wolf, Alga, MB Spiele, Maxco, The Toy Network, Golden, Gigliodoro, Top Mark, M Petrushkin, American Express, K.E.Leg, El Greco, Cathay, Joker, Editrice Giochi, (Self-Published), Dynamic Games / Dynamic Design Industries, Wood Expressions, Węgiel, ABRA, Philos, Origem, Caribou Mountaineering, Inc., Halsall, Bisonte, Cardinal, Wm F. Drueke & Sons, Inc., Bütehorn Spiele (Buchholz Verlag), Waddington Sanders Ltd., Pelikan, Sladecolour Board Games, Chad Valley Co Ltd., Vennerød Forlag AS, Schou, Dilemma Games, The Purple Cow, Ghisò, Arrow Games Ltd, S & E, Skor-Mor, Spear's Games, Challenge Master Game Co Ltd, nestorgames, House of Marbles, Milton Bradley, Chadwick Miller Inc., Creative Crafthouse, Lagoon Games, Masters Games, Planet Finska, Croner, Sterling Games, Whitman, Pintoy, Galleryplay, Tactic, Fundex, Oriental Trading Company
Diseñadores: (Uncredited)
Artistas: Christian Lacroix, Willem Cornelisz Duyster
Mecánicas: Roll / Spin and Move, Betting and Bluffing, Score-and-Reset Game, Static Capture, Dice Rolling, Track Movement, Race
Edad Mínima: 8
Jugadores: 2
Editor: F.X. Schmid, IRWIN Games, House Martin, play time, L. P. Septímio, Blatz, Paul Lamond Games Ltd, OPEN'N PLAY, Fame Products, Classic Toys, The Op Games, Gibsons, RoseArt, Dos Reis, John Sands Pty Ltd, Regionalia Verlag GmbH, Schmidt France, Pleasantime Games, Galison, Palet spil, Brio AB, Berliner Spielkarten, Silk Cut, Westside Fun Games, Schmidt Spiele, Heyne, Hector Saxe, Majora, LuduScience, Pin International, Marlboro, Invicta Games, John N. Hansen Co., Inc., Peri Spiele, Basic Fun, Inc., Crisloid, (Public Domain), Pressman Toy Corp., Schmidt International, Bello Games New York, Inc., Mitra, John Jaques of London, Western Publishing Company, Dal Negro, Marigó, Søstrene Grene, Piatnik, Selchow & Righter, Inovac Rima SA, StirlingFox, Square Root Games, Super Accord, Przedsiebiorstwo Zagraniczne LABO, Cayro, The Games, E. S. Lowe Company Inc., MB Spellen, Poolmaster, Noris Spiele, Game Factory, CHH Games, Kingstone International, Pendleton, Editions ATLAS, Flying Tiger Copenhagen, Waddingtons, Diset S. A., Fratelli Fabbri Editori (Fabbri Editore), Ariel Productions Ltd, Zontik Games, Deuce, HEMA, Hasbro, Reiss Games, Matsui Gaming Machine, Gamut of Games, Ramsons, Daells Varehus, Jumbo, Gammon Games, Pavilion, Otto Maier Verlag, Estrela, HABA, Juegos Ya S.L., Saitek, Carlit, Neroulia, P:OS Handels GmbH, Unicorn Products, National Novelty Corp., ASS Altenburger Spielkarten, Dino Toys s. r. o., Smethport Specialty Co., Harlekin, (Unknown), Ludens Planet, Friendly Games, Inc., Merit, Magnetic Poetry Inc, Ravensburger, WHSmith, Fifth Avenue Crystal Ltd., 3M, Glevum Games, Gold Medal, Klee, Wild & Wolf, Alga, MB Spiele, Maxco, The Toy Network, Golden, Gigliodoro, Top Mark, M Petrushkin, American Express, K.E.Leg, El Greco, Cathay, Joker, Editrice Giochi, (Self-Published), Dynamic Games / Dynamic Design Industries, Wood Expressions, Węgiel, ABRA, Philos, Origem, Caribou Mountaineering, Inc., Halsall, Bisonte, Cardinal, Wm F. Drueke & Sons, Inc., Bütehorn Spiele (Buchholz Verlag), Waddington Sanders Ltd., Pelikan, Sladecolour Board Games, Chad Valley Co Ltd., Vennerød Forlag AS, Schou, Dilemma Games, The Purple Cow, Ghisò, Arrow Games Ltd, S & E, Skor-Mor, Spear's Games, Challenge Master Game Co Ltd, nestorgames, House of Marbles, Milton Bradley, Chadwick Miller Inc., Creative Crafthouse, Lagoon Games, Masters Games, Planet Finska, Croner, Sterling Games, Whitman, Pintoy, Galleryplay, Tactic, Fundex, Oriental Trading Company
Diseñadores: (Uncredited)
Artistas: Christian Lacroix, Willem Cornelisz Duyster
Mecánicas: Roll / Spin and Move, Betting and Bluffing, Score-and-Reset Game, Static Capture, Dice Rolling, Track Movement, Race
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Backgammon is a classic abstract strategy game dating back thousands of years. Each player has a set of 15 checkers (or stones) that must be moved from their starting positions, around, and then off the board. Dice are thrown each turn, and each player must decide which of their checkers to move based on the outcome of the roll. Players can capture each other's checkers, forcing the captured checkers to restart their journey around the board. The winner is the first player to get all 15 checkers off the board. A more recent addition to the game is the "doubling cube", which allows players to up the stakes of the game. Although the game relies on dice to determine movement, there is a large degree of strategy in deciding how to make the most effective moves given each dice roll and measuring the risk in terms of possible rolls the opponent may get.
Backgammon may be the first game to be mentioned in written history, going back 5,000 years to the Sumerians of ancient Mesopotamia. During the 1920s, archaeologists unearthed five boards from a cemetery in the ancient town of Ur. At another location, pieces and dice were also found along with the board. Boards from ancient Egypt have also been recovered from the tomb of Tutankhamun, including a mechanical dice box, no doubt intended to stop cheaters.
The names of the game were many. In Persia, Takhteh Nard which means "Battle on Wood". In Egypt, Tau, which may be the ancestor of Senat. In Rome, Ludus Duodecim Scriptorum ("game of twelve marks"), later, Tabula ("table"), and by the sixth century, Alea ("dice"). In ancient China, T-shu-p-u and later in Japan, Sugoroko. The English name may derive from "Bac gamen" meaning "Back Game", referring to re-entry of taken stones back to the board. It was often enjoyed by the upper classes and is sometimes called "The Aristocratic Game". The Roman Emperor Claudius was known to be such a fan of Tabula that he had a set built into his coach so he could play as he traveled (the world's first travel edition?).
The rules in English were standardized in 1743 by Edmond Hoyle. These remained popular until the American innovations of the 1930s.
Backgammon may be the first game to be mentioned in written history, going back 5,000 years to the Sumerians of ancient Mesopotamia. During the 1920s, archaeologists unearthed five boards from a cemetery in the ancient town of Ur. At another location, pieces and dice were also found along with the board. Boards from ancient Egypt have also been recovered from the tomb of Tutankhamun, including a mechanical dice box, no doubt intended to stop cheaters.
The names of the game were many. In Persia, Takhteh Nard which means "Battle on Wood". In Egypt, Tau, which may be the ancestor of Senat. In Rome, Ludus Duodecim Scriptorum ("game of twelve marks"), later, Tabula ("table"), and by the sixth century, Alea ("dice"). In ancient China, T-shu-p-u and later in Japan, Sugoroko. The English name may derive from "Bac gamen" meaning "Back Game", referring to re-entry of taken stones back to the board. It was often enjoyed by the upper classes and is sometimes called "The Aristocratic Game". The Roman Emperor Claudius was known to be such a fan of Tabula that he had a set built into his coach so he could play as he traveled (the world's first travel edition?).
The rules in English were standardized in 1743 by Edmond Hoyle. These remained popular until the American innovations of the 1930s.
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