Backgammon (1630)
Playtime: 30
Min. Age: 8
Players: 2
Publisher: Wood Expressions, Węgiel, Bisonte, Dal Negro, Berliner Spielkarten, Ravensburger, Silk Cut, F.X. Schmid, Neroulia, Dino Toys s. r. o., Joker, House of Marbles, StirlingFox, Spear's Games, play time, Chadwick Miller Inc., Marigó, Merit, Glevum Games, Editrice Giochi, Crisloid, Mitra, Pelikan, Lagoon Games, Daells Varehus, Dos Reis, Dynamic Games / Dynamic Design Industries, HEMA, Top Mark, Peri Spiele, The Op Games, (Public Domain), Pavilion, Creative Crafthouse, (Unknown), Schmidt Spiele, Inovac Rima SA, Arrow Games Ltd, Poolmaster, Gibsons, Golden, Cardinal, Magnetic Poetry Inc, Gammon Games, Ariel Productions Ltd, Pintoy, HABA, Cathay, Planet Finska, Gigliodoro, Classic Toys, nestorgames, Carlit, OPEN'N PLAY, RoseArt, Pendleton, Alga, Ramsons, John Jaques of London, Diset S. A., P:OS Handels GmbH, Schou, Chad Valley Co Ltd., Søstrene Grene, Fratelli Fabbri Editori (Fabbri Editore), Editions ATLAS, Heyne, Origem, Westside Fun Games, John Sands Pty Ltd, Fame Products, The Toy Network, Bütehorn Spiele (Buchholz Verlag), National Novelty Corp., Galison, Majora, Selchow & Righter, (Self-Published), IRWIN Games, Brio AB, Super Accord, Estrela, Masters Games, Milton Bradley, Paul Lamond Games Ltd, Wild & Wolf, Ludens Planet, Dilemma Games, Hector Saxe, Waddingtons, John N. Hansen Co., Inc., Invicta Games, Hasbro, Flying Tiger Copenhagen, Galleryplay, MB Spiele, Square Root Games, Deuce, Saitek, Gold Medal, Caribou Mountaineering, Inc., Gamut of Games, Jumbo, WHSmith, Challenge Master Game Co Ltd, Wm F. Drueke & Sons, Inc., Harlekin, Schmidt France, Pleasantime Games, MB Spellen, Fifth Avenue Crystal Ltd., ABRA, Sladecolour Board Games, Reiss Games, Oriental Trading Company, Game Factory, Smethport Specialty Co., Whitman, American Express, Pin International, CHH Games, Fundex, Maxco, Otto Maier Verlag, Pressman Toy Corp., Cayro, The Games, Blatz, K.E.Leg, El Greco, Waddington Sanders Ltd., Croner, Vennerød Forlag AS, The Purple Cow, Basic Fun, Inc., Sterling Games, Juegos Ya S.L., L. P. Septímio, House Martin, Kingstone International, Philos, Regionalia Verlag GmbH, Bello Games New York, Inc., ASS Altenburger Spielkarten, E. S. Lowe Company Inc., 3M, Halsall, LuduScience, Skor-Mor, Schmidt International, Palet spil, Marlboro, Matsui Gaming Machine, M Petrushkin, Unicorn Products, Tactic, Piatnik, Przedsiebiorstwo Zagraniczne LABO, Klee, Noris Spiele, Friendly Games, Inc., Western Publishing Company, Zontik Games, S & E, Ghisò
Designers: (Uncredited)
Artists: Christian Lacroix, Willem Cornelisz Duyster
Mechanics: Track Movement, Score-and-Reset Game, Betting and Bluffing, Roll / Spin and Move, Static Capture, Race, Dice Rolling
Min. Age: 8
Players: 2
Publisher: Wood Expressions, Węgiel, Bisonte, Dal Negro, Berliner Spielkarten, Ravensburger, Silk Cut, F.X. Schmid, Neroulia, Dino Toys s. r. o., Joker, House of Marbles, StirlingFox, Spear's Games, play time, Chadwick Miller Inc., Marigó, Merit, Glevum Games, Editrice Giochi, Crisloid, Mitra, Pelikan, Lagoon Games, Daells Varehus, Dos Reis, Dynamic Games / Dynamic Design Industries, HEMA, Top Mark, Peri Spiele, The Op Games, (Public Domain), Pavilion, Creative Crafthouse, (Unknown), Schmidt Spiele, Inovac Rima SA, Arrow Games Ltd, Poolmaster, Gibsons, Golden, Cardinal, Magnetic Poetry Inc, Gammon Games, Ariel Productions Ltd, Pintoy, HABA, Cathay, Planet Finska, Gigliodoro, Classic Toys, nestorgames, Carlit, OPEN'N PLAY, RoseArt, Pendleton, Alga, Ramsons, John Jaques of London, Diset S. A., P:OS Handels GmbH, Schou, Chad Valley Co Ltd., Søstrene Grene, Fratelli Fabbri Editori (Fabbri Editore), Editions ATLAS, Heyne, Origem, Westside Fun Games, John Sands Pty Ltd, Fame Products, The Toy Network, Bütehorn Spiele (Buchholz Verlag), National Novelty Corp., Galison, Majora, Selchow & Righter, (Self-Published), IRWIN Games, Brio AB, Super Accord, Estrela, Masters Games, Milton Bradley, Paul Lamond Games Ltd, Wild & Wolf, Ludens Planet, Dilemma Games, Hector Saxe, Waddingtons, John N. Hansen Co., Inc., Invicta Games, Hasbro, Flying Tiger Copenhagen, Galleryplay, MB Spiele, Square Root Games, Deuce, Saitek, Gold Medal, Caribou Mountaineering, Inc., Gamut of Games, Jumbo, WHSmith, Challenge Master Game Co Ltd, Wm F. Drueke & Sons, Inc., Harlekin, Schmidt France, Pleasantime Games, MB Spellen, Fifth Avenue Crystal Ltd., ABRA, Sladecolour Board Games, Reiss Games, Oriental Trading Company, Game Factory, Smethport Specialty Co., Whitman, American Express, Pin International, CHH Games, Fundex, Maxco, Otto Maier Verlag, Pressman Toy Corp., Cayro, The Games, Blatz, K.E.Leg, El Greco, Waddington Sanders Ltd., Croner, Vennerød Forlag AS, The Purple Cow, Basic Fun, Inc., Sterling Games, Juegos Ya S.L., L. P. Septímio, House Martin, Kingstone International, Philos, Regionalia Verlag GmbH, Bello Games New York, Inc., ASS Altenburger Spielkarten, E. S. Lowe Company Inc., 3M, Halsall, LuduScience, Skor-Mor, Schmidt International, Palet spil, Marlboro, Matsui Gaming Machine, M Petrushkin, Unicorn Products, Tactic, Piatnik, Przedsiebiorstwo Zagraniczne LABO, Klee, Noris Spiele, Friendly Games, Inc., Western Publishing Company, Zontik Games, S & E, Ghisò
Designers: (Uncredited)
Artists: Christian Lacroix, Willem Cornelisz Duyster
Mechanics: Track Movement, Score-and-Reset Game, Betting and Bluffing, Roll / Spin and Move, Static Capture, Race, Dice Rolling
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Backgammon is a classic abstract strategy game dating back thousands of years. Each player has a set of 15 checkers (or stones) that must be moved from their starting positions, around, and then off the board. Dice are thrown each turn, and each player must decide which of their checkers to move based on the outcome of the roll. Players can capture each other's checkers, forcing the captured checkers to restart their journey around the board. The winner is the first player to get all 15 checkers off the board. A more recent addition to the game is the "doubling cube", which allows players to up the stakes of the game. Although the game relies on dice to determine movement, there is a large degree of strategy in deciding how to make the most effective moves given each dice roll and measuring the risk in terms of possible rolls the opponent may get.
Backgammon may be the first game to be mentioned in written history, going back 5,000 years to the Sumerians of ancient Mesopotamia. During the 1920s, archaeologists unearthed five boards from a cemetery in the ancient town of Ur. At another location, pieces and dice were also found along with the board. Boards from ancient Egypt have also been recovered from the tomb of Tutankhamun, including a mechanical dice box, no doubt intended to stop cheaters.
The names of the game were many. In Persia, Takhteh Nard which means "Battle on Wood". In Egypt, Tau, which may be the ancestor of Senat. In Rome, Ludus Duodecim Scriptorum ("game of twelve marks"), later, Tabula ("table"), and by the sixth century, Alea ("dice"). In ancient China, T-shu-p-u and later in Japan, Sugoroko. The English name may derive from "Bac gamen" meaning "Back Game", referring to re-entry of taken stones back to the board. It was often enjoyed by the upper classes and is sometimes called "The Aristocratic Game". The Roman Emperor Claudius was known to be such a fan of Tabula that he had a set built into his coach so he could play as he traveled (the world's first travel edition?).
The rules in English were standardized in 1743 by Edmond Hoyle. These remained popular until the American innovations of the 1930s.
Backgammon may be the first game to be mentioned in written history, going back 5,000 years to the Sumerians of ancient Mesopotamia. During the 1920s, archaeologists unearthed five boards from a cemetery in the ancient town of Ur. At another location, pieces and dice were also found along with the board. Boards from ancient Egypt have also been recovered from the tomb of Tutankhamun, including a mechanical dice box, no doubt intended to stop cheaters.
The names of the game were many. In Persia, Takhteh Nard which means "Battle on Wood". In Egypt, Tau, which may be the ancestor of Senat. In Rome, Ludus Duodecim Scriptorum ("game of twelve marks"), later, Tabula ("table"), and by the sixth century, Alea ("dice"). In ancient China, T-shu-p-u and later in Japan, Sugoroko. The English name may derive from "Bac gamen" meaning "Back Game", referring to re-entry of taken stones back to the board. It was often enjoyed by the upper classes and is sometimes called "The Aristocratic Game". The Roman Emperor Claudius was known to be such a fan of Tabula that he had a set built into his coach so he could play as he traveled (the world's first travel edition?).
The rules in English were standardized in 1743 by Edmond Hoyle. These remained popular until the American innovations of the 1930s.
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ag.gameitem.lastUpdated: 2025-04-30 05:13:13.637
