Backgammon (1630)
Temps de jeu: 30
Age min.: 8
Joueurs: 2
Editeur: Bütehorn Spiele (Buchholz Verlag), Majora, Merit, Brio AB, Dal Negro, Basic Fun, Inc., 3M, HEMA, Heyne, Lagoon Games, Masters Games, Hector Saxe, ASS Altenburger Spielkarten, House Martin, Gigliodoro, P:OS Handels GmbH, Harlekin, House of Marbles, S & E, MB Spellen, Tactic, F.X. Schmid, Søstrene Grene, Schou, Peri Spiele, Blatz, WHSmith, Ghisò, Gamut of Games, Flying Tiger Copenhagen, Saitek, MB Spiele, Poolmaster, Deuce, Caribou Mountaineering, Inc., Marlboro, nestorgames, Inovac Rima SA, Noris Spiele, Galison, Daells Varehus, Pin International, K.E.Leg, Spear's Games, Mitra, Glevum Games, Game Factory, Pintoy, Przedsiebiorstwo Zagraniczne LABO, Piatnik, Selchow & Righter, Crisloid, Friendly Games, Inc., Zontik Games, Ravensburger, CHH Games, Wm F. Drueke & Sons, Inc., Gold Medal, Waddington Sanders Ltd., Jumbo, Challenge Master Game Co Ltd, Węgiel, Philos, Milton Bradley, Carlit, Pressman Toy Corp., Classic Toys, (Self-Published), Cathay, LuduScience, Skor-Mor, Sterling Games, Waddingtons, Chadwick Miller Inc., Berliner Spielkarten, Invicta Games, Sladecolour Board Games, Joker, Croner, Chad Valley Co Ltd., Editrice Giochi, Dynamic Games / Dynamic Design Industries, Fame Products, play time, Alga, Halsall, Unicorn Products, Klee, Fifth Avenue Crystal Ltd., John Jaques of London, Top Mark, Gibsons, Pleasantime Games, Whitman, M Petrushkin, Vennerød Forlag AS, Otto Maier Verlag, Wood Expressions, Gammon Games, L. P. Septímio, Ludens Planet, Schmidt Spiele, Ramsons, The Purple Cow, Kingstone International, Wild & Wolf, Dilemma Games, E. S. Lowe Company Inc., Reiss Games, StirlingFox, Regionalia Verlag GmbH, John N. Hansen Co., Inc., Pendleton, Marigó, Editions ATLAS, ABRA, OPEN'N PLAY, Schmidt International, Dino Toys s. r. o., Cayro, The Games, Pelikan, Westside Fun Games, Smethport Specialty Co., IRWIN Games, Bisonte, Magnetic Poetry Inc, Origem, Fratelli Fabbri Editori (Fabbri Editore), The Toy Network, El Greco, Cardinal, The Op Games, Estrela, John Sands Pty Ltd, Square Root Games, RoseArt, Super Accord, Golden, HABA, Paul Lamond Games Ltd, Silk Cut, Matsui Gaming Machine, Diset S. A., National Novelty Corp., Pavilion, American Express, Dos Reis, Oriental Trading Company, Ariel Productions Ltd, Planet Finska, Western Publishing Company, Fundex, (Unknown), Maxco, Arrow Games Ltd, Schmidt France, Hasbro, Galleryplay, Juegos Ya S.L., Bello Games New York, Inc., Neroulia, Palet spil, (Public Domain), Creative Crafthouse
Concepteurs: (Uncredited)
Artistes: Willem Cornelisz Duyster, Christian Lacroix
Mécaniques: Roll / Spin and Move, Track Movement, Betting and Bluffing, Static Capture, Race, Dice Rolling, Score-and-Reset Game
Age min.: 8
Joueurs: 2
Editeur: Bütehorn Spiele (Buchholz Verlag), Majora, Merit, Brio AB, Dal Negro, Basic Fun, Inc., 3M, HEMA, Heyne, Lagoon Games, Masters Games, Hector Saxe, ASS Altenburger Spielkarten, House Martin, Gigliodoro, P:OS Handels GmbH, Harlekin, House of Marbles, S & E, MB Spellen, Tactic, F.X. Schmid, Søstrene Grene, Schou, Peri Spiele, Blatz, WHSmith, Ghisò, Gamut of Games, Flying Tiger Copenhagen, Saitek, MB Spiele, Poolmaster, Deuce, Caribou Mountaineering, Inc., Marlboro, nestorgames, Inovac Rima SA, Noris Spiele, Galison, Daells Varehus, Pin International, K.E.Leg, Spear's Games, Mitra, Glevum Games, Game Factory, Pintoy, Przedsiebiorstwo Zagraniczne LABO, Piatnik, Selchow & Righter, Crisloid, Friendly Games, Inc., Zontik Games, Ravensburger, CHH Games, Wm F. Drueke & Sons, Inc., Gold Medal, Waddington Sanders Ltd., Jumbo, Challenge Master Game Co Ltd, Węgiel, Philos, Milton Bradley, Carlit, Pressman Toy Corp., Classic Toys, (Self-Published), Cathay, LuduScience, Skor-Mor, Sterling Games, Waddingtons, Chadwick Miller Inc., Berliner Spielkarten, Invicta Games, Sladecolour Board Games, Joker, Croner, Chad Valley Co Ltd., Editrice Giochi, Dynamic Games / Dynamic Design Industries, Fame Products, play time, Alga, Halsall, Unicorn Products, Klee, Fifth Avenue Crystal Ltd., John Jaques of London, Top Mark, Gibsons, Pleasantime Games, Whitman, M Petrushkin, Vennerød Forlag AS, Otto Maier Verlag, Wood Expressions, Gammon Games, L. P. Septímio, Ludens Planet, Schmidt Spiele, Ramsons, The Purple Cow, Kingstone International, Wild & Wolf, Dilemma Games, E. S. Lowe Company Inc., Reiss Games, StirlingFox, Regionalia Verlag GmbH, John N. Hansen Co., Inc., Pendleton, Marigó, Editions ATLAS, ABRA, OPEN'N PLAY, Schmidt International, Dino Toys s. r. o., Cayro, The Games, Pelikan, Westside Fun Games, Smethport Specialty Co., IRWIN Games, Bisonte, Magnetic Poetry Inc, Origem, Fratelli Fabbri Editori (Fabbri Editore), The Toy Network, El Greco, Cardinal, The Op Games, Estrela, John Sands Pty Ltd, Square Root Games, RoseArt, Super Accord, Golden, HABA, Paul Lamond Games Ltd, Silk Cut, Matsui Gaming Machine, Diset S. A., National Novelty Corp., Pavilion, American Express, Dos Reis, Oriental Trading Company, Ariel Productions Ltd, Planet Finska, Western Publishing Company, Fundex, (Unknown), Maxco, Arrow Games Ltd, Schmidt France, Hasbro, Galleryplay, Juegos Ya S.L., Bello Games New York, Inc., Neroulia, Palet spil, (Public Domain), Creative Crafthouse
Concepteurs: (Uncredited)
Artistes: Willem Cornelisz Duyster, Christian Lacroix
Mécaniques: Roll / Spin and Move, Track Movement, Betting and Bluffing, Static Capture, Race, Dice Rolling, Score-and-Reset Game
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Backgammon is a classic abstract strategy game dating back thousands of years. Each player has a set of 15 checkers (or stones) that must be moved from their starting positions, around, and then off the board. Dice are thrown each turn, and each player must decide which of their checkers to move based on the outcome of the roll. Players can capture each other's checkers, forcing the captured checkers to restart their journey around the board. The winner is the first player to get all 15 checkers off the board. A more recent addition to the game is the "doubling cube", which allows players to up the stakes of the game. Although the game relies on dice to determine movement, there is a large degree of strategy in deciding how to make the most effective moves given each dice roll and measuring the risk in terms of possible rolls the opponent may get.
Backgammon may be the first game to be mentioned in written history, going back 5,000 years to the Sumerians of ancient Mesopotamia. During the 1920s, archaeologists unearthed five boards from a cemetery in the ancient town of Ur. At another location, pieces and dice were also found along with the board. Boards from ancient Egypt have also been recovered from the tomb of Tutankhamun, including a mechanical dice box, no doubt intended to stop cheaters.
The names of the game were many. In Persia, Takhteh Nard which means "Battle on Wood". In Egypt, Tau, which may be the ancestor of Senat. In Rome, Ludus Duodecim Scriptorum ("game of twelve marks"), later, Tabula ("table"), and by the sixth century, Alea ("dice"). In ancient China, T-shu-p-u and later in Japan, Sugoroko. The English name may derive from "Bac gamen" meaning "Back Game", referring to re-entry of taken stones back to the board. It was often enjoyed by the upper classes and is sometimes called "The Aristocratic Game". The Roman Emperor Claudius was known to be such a fan of Tabula that he had a set built into his coach so he could play as he traveled (the world's first travel edition?).
The rules in English were standardized in 1743 by Edmond Hoyle. These remained popular until the American innovations of the 1930s.
Backgammon may be the first game to be mentioned in written history, going back 5,000 years to the Sumerians of ancient Mesopotamia. During the 1920s, archaeologists unearthed five boards from a cemetery in the ancient town of Ur. At another location, pieces and dice were also found along with the board. Boards from ancient Egypt have also been recovered from the tomb of Tutankhamun, including a mechanical dice box, no doubt intended to stop cheaters.
The names of the game were many. In Persia, Takhteh Nard which means "Battle on Wood". In Egypt, Tau, which may be the ancestor of Senat. In Rome, Ludus Duodecim Scriptorum ("game of twelve marks"), later, Tabula ("table"), and by the sixth century, Alea ("dice"). In ancient China, T-shu-p-u and later in Japan, Sugoroko. The English name may derive from "Bac gamen" meaning "Back Game", referring to re-entry of taken stones back to the board. It was often enjoyed by the upper classes and is sometimes called "The Aristocratic Game". The Roman Emperor Claudius was known to be such a fan of Tabula that he had a set built into his coach so he could play as he traveled (the world's first travel edition?).
The rules in English were standardized in 1743 by Edmond Hoyle. These remained popular until the American innovations of the 1930s.
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