Backgammon (1630)
Tiempo de Juego: 30
Edad Mínima: 8
Jugadores: 2
Editor: Cathay, play time, Oriental Trading Company, Fratelli Fabbri Editori (Fabbri Editore), Fifth Avenue Crystal Ltd., M Petrushkin, Jumbo, Bisonte, Paul Lamond Games Ltd, Poolmaster, Przedsiebiorstwo Zagraniczne LABO, Pendleton, K.E.Leg, Joker, Węgiel, Sterling Games, Caribou Mountaineering, Inc., Top Mark, Pressman Toy Corp., The Purple Cow, Western Publishing Company, Crisloid, Super Accord, CHH Games, Pleasantime Games, Masters Games, StirlingFox, Ariel Productions Ltd, Wood Expressions, Schou, American Express, Galleryplay, Basic Fun, Inc., Zontik Games, Gammon Games, Deuce, Merit, Flying Tiger Copenhagen, E. S. Lowe Company Inc., Fame Products, ABRA, Pintoy, Ludens Planet, Bütehorn Spiele (Buchholz Verlag), Heyne, Dino Toys s. r. o., Peri Spiele, RoseArt, Fundex, Piatnik, WHSmith, Game Factory, Brio AB, Matsui Gaming Machine, National Novelty Corp., Mitra, Regionalia Verlag GmbH, Schmidt Spiele, (Unknown), Ghisò, Diset S. A., John N. Hansen Co., Inc., Saitek, MB Spellen, LuduScience, Unicorn Products, John Jaques of London, Dilemma Games, OPEN'N PLAY, Planet Finska, Tactic, (Public Domain), Friendly Games, Inc., John Sands Pty Ltd, The Toy Network, HABA, Waddingtons, Challenge Master Game Co Ltd, Milton Bradley, Otto Maier Verlag, Magnetic Poetry Inc, Creative Crafthouse, Glevum Games, (Self-Published), Gold Medal, Maxco, Halsall, Neroulia, Smethport Specialty Co., Kingstone International, Sladecolour Board Games, Origem, Majora, Marigó, ASS Altenburger Spielkarten, Wild & Wolf, Noris Spiele, The Op Games, Wm F. Drueke & Sons, Inc., Carlit, Schmidt International, HEMA, Ravensburger, Arrow Games Ltd, Harlekin, Square Root Games, Vennerød Forlag AS, Philos, House of Marbles, Schmidt France, Daells Varehus, Marlboro, L. P. Septímio, Inovac Rima SA, El Greco, Berliner Spielkarten, Editrice Giochi, Silk Cut, Croner, Invicta Games, Westside Fun Games, Pavilion, S & E, Klee, Gamut of Games, Selchow & Righter, Blatz, Dal Negro, Reiss Games, Pelikan, Whitman, House Martin, Skor-Mor, Lagoon Games, Gigliodoro, P:OS Handels GmbH, Chad Valley Co Ltd., Hector Saxe, F.X. Schmid, Classic Toys, Pin International, Alga, Juegos Ya S.L., Palet spil, Editions ATLAS, Hasbro, nestorgames, Golden, MB Spiele, Chadwick Miller Inc., IRWIN Games, Søstrene Grene, Waddington Sanders Ltd., Bello Games New York, Inc., Dynamic Games / Dynamic Design Industries, Estrela, Spear's Games, Galison, Cayro, The Games, Gibsons, 3M, Ramsons, Cardinal, Dos Reis
Diseñadores: (Uncredited)
Artistas: Willem Cornelisz Duyster, Christian Lacroix
Mecánicas: Track Movement, Race, Betting and Bluffing, Roll / Spin and Move, Dice Rolling, Static Capture, Score-and-Reset Game
Edad Mínima: 8
Jugadores: 2
Editor: Cathay, play time, Oriental Trading Company, Fratelli Fabbri Editori (Fabbri Editore), Fifth Avenue Crystal Ltd., M Petrushkin, Jumbo, Bisonte, Paul Lamond Games Ltd, Poolmaster, Przedsiebiorstwo Zagraniczne LABO, Pendleton, K.E.Leg, Joker, Węgiel, Sterling Games, Caribou Mountaineering, Inc., Top Mark, Pressman Toy Corp., The Purple Cow, Western Publishing Company, Crisloid, Super Accord, CHH Games, Pleasantime Games, Masters Games, StirlingFox, Ariel Productions Ltd, Wood Expressions, Schou, American Express, Galleryplay, Basic Fun, Inc., Zontik Games, Gammon Games, Deuce, Merit, Flying Tiger Copenhagen, E. S. Lowe Company Inc., Fame Products, ABRA, Pintoy, Ludens Planet, Bütehorn Spiele (Buchholz Verlag), Heyne, Dino Toys s. r. o., Peri Spiele, RoseArt, Fundex, Piatnik, WHSmith, Game Factory, Brio AB, Matsui Gaming Machine, National Novelty Corp., Mitra, Regionalia Verlag GmbH, Schmidt Spiele, (Unknown), Ghisò, Diset S. A., John N. Hansen Co., Inc., Saitek, MB Spellen, LuduScience, Unicorn Products, John Jaques of London, Dilemma Games, OPEN'N PLAY, Planet Finska, Tactic, (Public Domain), Friendly Games, Inc., John Sands Pty Ltd, The Toy Network, HABA, Waddingtons, Challenge Master Game Co Ltd, Milton Bradley, Otto Maier Verlag, Magnetic Poetry Inc, Creative Crafthouse, Glevum Games, (Self-Published), Gold Medal, Maxco, Halsall, Neroulia, Smethport Specialty Co., Kingstone International, Sladecolour Board Games, Origem, Majora, Marigó, ASS Altenburger Spielkarten, Wild & Wolf, Noris Spiele, The Op Games, Wm F. Drueke & Sons, Inc., Carlit, Schmidt International, HEMA, Ravensburger, Arrow Games Ltd, Harlekin, Square Root Games, Vennerød Forlag AS, Philos, House of Marbles, Schmidt France, Daells Varehus, Marlboro, L. P. Septímio, Inovac Rima SA, El Greco, Berliner Spielkarten, Editrice Giochi, Silk Cut, Croner, Invicta Games, Westside Fun Games, Pavilion, S & E, Klee, Gamut of Games, Selchow & Righter, Blatz, Dal Negro, Reiss Games, Pelikan, Whitman, House Martin, Skor-Mor, Lagoon Games, Gigliodoro, P:OS Handels GmbH, Chad Valley Co Ltd., Hector Saxe, F.X. Schmid, Classic Toys, Pin International, Alga, Juegos Ya S.L., Palet spil, Editions ATLAS, Hasbro, nestorgames, Golden, MB Spiele, Chadwick Miller Inc., IRWIN Games, Søstrene Grene, Waddington Sanders Ltd., Bello Games New York, Inc., Dynamic Games / Dynamic Design Industries, Estrela, Spear's Games, Galison, Cayro, The Games, Gibsons, 3M, Ramsons, Cardinal, Dos Reis
Diseñadores: (Uncredited)
Artistas: Willem Cornelisz Duyster, Christian Lacroix
Mecánicas: Track Movement, Race, Betting and Bluffing, Roll / Spin and Move, Dice Rolling, Static Capture, Score-and-Reset Game
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Backgammon is a classic abstract strategy game dating back thousands of years. Each player has a set of 15 checkers (or stones) that must be moved from their starting positions, around, and then off the board. Dice are thrown each turn, and each player must decide which of their checkers to move based on the outcome of the roll. Players can capture each other's checkers, forcing the captured checkers to restart their journey around the board. The winner is the first player to get all 15 checkers off the board. A more recent addition to the game is the "doubling cube", which allows players to up the stakes of the game. Although the game relies on dice to determine movement, there is a large degree of strategy in deciding how to make the most effective moves given each dice roll and measuring the risk in terms of possible rolls the opponent may get.
Backgammon may be the first game to be mentioned in written history, going back 5,000 years to the Sumerians of ancient Mesopotamia. During the 1920s, archaeologists unearthed five boards from a cemetery in the ancient town of Ur. At another location, pieces and dice were also found along with the board. Boards from ancient Egypt have also been recovered from the tomb of Tutankhamun, including a mechanical dice box, no doubt intended to stop cheaters.
The names of the game were many. In Persia, Takhteh Nard which means "Battle on Wood". In Egypt, Tau, which may be the ancestor of Senat. In Rome, Ludus Duodecim Scriptorum ("game of twelve marks"), later, Tabula ("table"), and by the sixth century, Alea ("dice"). In ancient China, T-shu-p-u and later in Japan, Sugoroko. The English name may derive from "Bac gamen" meaning "Back Game", referring to re-entry of taken stones back to the board. It was often enjoyed by the upper classes and is sometimes called "The Aristocratic Game". The Roman Emperor Claudius was known to be such a fan of Tabula that he had a set built into his coach so he could play as he traveled (the world's first travel edition?).
The rules in English were standardized in 1743 by Edmond Hoyle. These remained popular until the American innovations of the 1930s.
Backgammon may be the first game to be mentioned in written history, going back 5,000 years to the Sumerians of ancient Mesopotamia. During the 1920s, archaeologists unearthed five boards from a cemetery in the ancient town of Ur. At another location, pieces and dice were also found along with the board. Boards from ancient Egypt have also been recovered from the tomb of Tutankhamun, including a mechanical dice box, no doubt intended to stop cheaters.
The names of the game were many. In Persia, Takhteh Nard which means "Battle on Wood". In Egypt, Tau, which may be the ancestor of Senat. In Rome, Ludus Duodecim Scriptorum ("game of twelve marks"), later, Tabula ("table"), and by the sixth century, Alea ("dice"). In ancient China, T-shu-p-u and later in Japan, Sugoroko. The English name may derive from "Bac gamen" meaning "Back Game", referring to re-entry of taken stones back to the board. It was often enjoyed by the upper classes and is sometimes called "The Aristocratic Game". The Roman Emperor Claudius was known to be such a fan of Tabula that he had a set built into his coach so he could play as he traveled (the world's first travel edition?).
The rules in English were standardized in 1743 by Edmond Hoyle. These remained popular until the American innovations of the 1930s.
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