Backgammon (1630)

Spielbild 419cd83f96780f1701967f3bbbf505b4_thb.jpg

Spielzeit: 30
Min. Alter: 8
Spieler: 2
Verlag: (Public Domain), Chadwick Miller Inc., ASS Altenburger Spielkarten, StirlingFox, Cardinal, Ravensburger, Joker, Cayro, The Games, Tactic, 3M, National Novelty Corp., RoseArt, ABRA, American Express, Gibsons, S & E, Berliner Spielkarten, Matsui Gaming Machine, Fifth Avenue Crystal Ltd., Oriental Trading Company, Dynamic Games / Dynamic Design Industries, Schmidt Spiele, Crisloid, Classic Toys, Origem, Schmidt France, Challenge Master Game Co Ltd, Neroulia, The Purple Cow, E. S. Lowe Company Inc., Maxco, Juegos Ya S.L., Square Root Games, Editions ATLAS, WHSmith, Golden, F.X. Schmid, John N. Hansen Co., Inc., Hasbro, Poolmaster, Przedsiebiorstwo Zagraniczne LABO, Wild & Wolf, Invicta Games, Węgiel, Planet Finska, Alga, Masters Games, Ramsons, Smethport Specialty Co., Pelikan, Marigó, Ludens Planet, Galleryplay, Gold Medal, Halsall, Mitra, Saitek, Fame Products, Waddingtons, Regionalia Verlag GmbH, Wood Expressions, play time, Westside Fun Games, Galison, Søstrene Grene, Kingstone International, Ariel Productions Ltd, Gigliodoro, Marlboro, IRWIN Games, L. P. Septímio, Brio AB, Top Mark, Spear's Games, Lagoon Games, Bello Games New York, Inc., CHH Games, MB Spiele, Schou, Pintoy, Caribou Mountaineering, Inc., Skor-Mor, M Petrushkin, Dino Toys s. r. o., Milton Bradley, Gamut of Games, MB Spellen, Jumbo, Flying Tiger Copenhagen, Estrela, Arrow Games Ltd, Wm F. Drueke & Sons, Inc., Magnetic Poetry Inc, John Sands Pty Ltd, (Self-Published), (Unknown), Gammon Games, Philos, Unicorn Products, LuduScience, Dal Negro, Klee, Majora, Deuce, Vennerød Forlag AS, Pressman Toy Corp., Carlit, P:OS Handels GmbH, Sladecolour Board Games, Basic Fun, Inc., Creative Crafthouse, Ghisò, Editrice Giochi, Glevum Games, Diset S. A., Inovac Rima SA, Harlekin, Daells Varehus, Fratelli Fabbri Editori (Fabbri Editore), Whitman, House of Marbles, Dos Reis, Paul Lamond Games Ltd, Game Factory, Otto Maier Verlag, Piatnik, Super Accord, The Op Games, HABA, Dilemma Games, Zontik Games, Friendly Games, Inc., Pleasantime Games, House Martin, Palet spil, Pavilion, Silk Cut, Hector Saxe, Reiss Games, Merit, Blatz, HEMA, Pendleton, Waddington Sanders Ltd., OPEN'N PLAY, Noris Spiele, Peri Spiele, Bütehorn Spiele (Buchholz Verlag), Fundex, El Greco, Cathay, The Toy Network, K.E.Leg, Heyne, John Jaques of London, Western Publishing Company, Croner, Bisonte, Chad Valley Co Ltd., Pin International, Sterling Games, Schmidt International, Selchow & Righter, nestorgames
Designer: (Uncredited)
Künstler: Christian Lacroix, Willem Cornelisz Duyster
Mechaniken: Score-and-Reset Game, Track Movement, Static Capture, Betting and Bluffing, Dice Rolling, Roll / Spin and Move, Race

Beschreibung anzeigen Kommentare anzeigen Preisentwicklung

Backgammon is a classic abstract strategy game dating back thousands of years. Each player has a set of 15 checkers (or stones) that must be moved from their starting positions, around, and then off the board. Dice are thrown each turn, and each player must decide which of their checkers to move based on the outcome of the roll. Players can capture each other's checkers, forcing the captured checkers to restart their journey around the board. The winner is the first player to get all 15 checkers off the board. A more recent addition to the game is the "doubling cube", which allows players to up the stakes of the game. Although the game relies on dice to determine movement, there is a large degree of strategy in deciding how to make the most effective moves given each dice roll and measuring the risk in terms of possible rolls the opponent may get.

Backgammon may be the first game to be mentioned in written history, going back 5,000 years to the Sumerians of ancient Mesopotamia. During the 1920s, archaeologists unearthed five boards from a cemetery in the ancient town of Ur. At another location, pieces and dice were also found along with the board. Boards from ancient Egypt have also been recovered from the tomb of Tutankhamun, including a mechanical dice box, no doubt intended to stop cheaters.

The names of the game were many. In Persia, Takhteh Nard which means "Battle on Wood". In Egypt, Tau, which may be the ancestor of Senat. In Rome, Ludus Duodecim Scriptorum ("game of twelve marks"), later, Tabula ("table"), and by the sixth century, Alea ("dice"). In ancient China, T-shu-p-u and later in Japan, Sugoroko. The English name may derive from "Bac gamen" meaning "Back Game", referring to re-entry of taken stones back to the board. It was often enjoyed by the upper classes and is sometimes called "The Aristocratic Game". The Roman Emperor Claudius was known to be such a fan of Tabula that he had a set built into his coach so he could play as he traveled (the world's first travel edition?).

The rules in English were standardized in 1743 by Edmond Hoyle. These remained popular until the American innovations of the 1930s.

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