Backgammon (1630)
Czas gry: 30
Min. wiek: 8
Gracze: 2
Wydawca: Dino Toys s. r. o., Berliner Spielkarten, HEMA, Daells Varehus, Planet Finska, Silk Cut, L. P. Septímio, Milton Bradley, ABRA, RoseArt, Noris Spiele, Neroulia, Flying Tiger Copenhagen, Gamut of Games, Lagoon Games, Smethport Specialty Co., MB Spellen, Piatnik, Gammon Games, Croner, Tactic, Origem, Westside Fun Games, M Petrushkin, Oriental Trading Company, Brio AB, MB Spiele, Merit, House of Marbles, Ramsons, Schmidt France, Halsall, John Jaques of London, Diset S. A., Cathay, Palet spil, Marlboro, Selchow & Righter, Fame Products, Heyne, Pelikan, Classic Toys, Juegos Ya S.L., Inovac Rima SA, Challenge Master Game Co Ltd, Bütehorn Spiele (Buchholz Verlag), Waddingtons, Deuce, Gibsons, Masters Games, John N. Hansen Co., Inc., Ghisò, Otto Maier Verlag, Cayro, The Games, Editions ATLAS, Chad Valley Co Ltd., (Public Domain), Matsui Gaming Machine, Crisloid, Whitman, Skor-Mor, Top Mark, Caribou Mountaineering, Inc., HABA, Glevum Games, Harlekin, Hasbro, Majora, Reiss Games, Invicta Games, Editrice Giochi, Jumbo, Poolmaster, Saitek, Paul Lamond Games Ltd, Kingstone International, Arrow Games Ltd, Friendly Games, Inc., Gigliodoro, Unicorn Products, S & E, Hector Saxe, WHSmith, Ariel Productions Ltd, Waddington Sanders Ltd., Galison, Maxco, Blatz, Pintoy, IRWIN Games, Ravensburger, Basic Fun, Inc., Philos, Pendleton, Dynamic Games / Dynamic Design Industries, ASS Altenburger Spielkarten, Marigó, (Self-Published), Pin International, Joker, Klee, Mitra, Super Accord, Schmidt Spiele, StirlingFox, Square Root Games, Bello Games New York, Inc., House Martin, (Unknown), Wm F. Drueke & Sons, Inc., K.E.Leg, nestorgames, Cardinal, The Op Games, CHH Games, play time, Sterling Games, The Purple Cow, E. S. Lowe Company Inc., F.X. Schmid, Schou, Vennerød Forlag AS, Fundex, Ludens Planet, Game Factory, Dilemma Games, Magnetic Poetry Inc, El Greco, Alga, Wood Expressions, Carlit, Spear's Games, Chadwick Miller Inc., P:OS Handels GmbH, The Toy Network, Pressman Toy Corp., Dal Negro, Dos Reis, National Novelty Corp., Creative Crafthouse, John Sands Pty Ltd, Søstrene Grene, Gold Medal, Przedsiebiorstwo Zagraniczne LABO, Bisonte, American Express, Pavilion, Pleasantime Games, 3M, Golden, Fratelli Fabbri Editori (Fabbri Editore), Zontik Games, Western Publishing Company, Regionalia Verlag GmbH, Sladecolour Board Games, Węgiel, Peri Spiele, OPEN'N PLAY, Schmidt International, Fifth Avenue Crystal Ltd., Wild & Wolf, Estrela, Galleryplay, LuduScience
Projektanci: (Uncredited)
Artyści: Willem Cornelisz Duyster, Christian Lacroix
Mechaniki: Score-and-Reset Game, Roll / Spin and Move, Dice Rolling, Race, Static Capture, Betting and Bluffing, Track Movement
Min. wiek: 8
Gracze: 2
Wydawca: Dino Toys s. r. o., Berliner Spielkarten, HEMA, Daells Varehus, Planet Finska, Silk Cut, L. P. Septímio, Milton Bradley, ABRA, RoseArt, Noris Spiele, Neroulia, Flying Tiger Copenhagen, Gamut of Games, Lagoon Games, Smethport Specialty Co., MB Spellen, Piatnik, Gammon Games, Croner, Tactic, Origem, Westside Fun Games, M Petrushkin, Oriental Trading Company, Brio AB, MB Spiele, Merit, House of Marbles, Ramsons, Schmidt France, Halsall, John Jaques of London, Diset S. A., Cathay, Palet spil, Marlboro, Selchow & Righter, Fame Products, Heyne, Pelikan, Classic Toys, Juegos Ya S.L., Inovac Rima SA, Challenge Master Game Co Ltd, Bütehorn Spiele (Buchholz Verlag), Waddingtons, Deuce, Gibsons, Masters Games, John N. Hansen Co., Inc., Ghisò, Otto Maier Verlag, Cayro, The Games, Editions ATLAS, Chad Valley Co Ltd., (Public Domain), Matsui Gaming Machine, Crisloid, Whitman, Skor-Mor, Top Mark, Caribou Mountaineering, Inc., HABA, Glevum Games, Harlekin, Hasbro, Majora, Reiss Games, Invicta Games, Editrice Giochi, Jumbo, Poolmaster, Saitek, Paul Lamond Games Ltd, Kingstone International, Arrow Games Ltd, Friendly Games, Inc., Gigliodoro, Unicorn Products, S & E, Hector Saxe, WHSmith, Ariel Productions Ltd, Waddington Sanders Ltd., Galison, Maxco, Blatz, Pintoy, IRWIN Games, Ravensburger, Basic Fun, Inc., Philos, Pendleton, Dynamic Games / Dynamic Design Industries, ASS Altenburger Spielkarten, Marigó, (Self-Published), Pin International, Joker, Klee, Mitra, Super Accord, Schmidt Spiele, StirlingFox, Square Root Games, Bello Games New York, Inc., House Martin, (Unknown), Wm F. Drueke & Sons, Inc., K.E.Leg, nestorgames, Cardinal, The Op Games, CHH Games, play time, Sterling Games, The Purple Cow, E. S. Lowe Company Inc., F.X. Schmid, Schou, Vennerød Forlag AS, Fundex, Ludens Planet, Game Factory, Dilemma Games, Magnetic Poetry Inc, El Greco, Alga, Wood Expressions, Carlit, Spear's Games, Chadwick Miller Inc., P:OS Handels GmbH, The Toy Network, Pressman Toy Corp., Dal Negro, Dos Reis, National Novelty Corp., Creative Crafthouse, John Sands Pty Ltd, Søstrene Grene, Gold Medal, Przedsiebiorstwo Zagraniczne LABO, Bisonte, American Express, Pavilion, Pleasantime Games, 3M, Golden, Fratelli Fabbri Editori (Fabbri Editore), Zontik Games, Western Publishing Company, Regionalia Verlag GmbH, Sladecolour Board Games, Węgiel, Peri Spiele, OPEN'N PLAY, Schmidt International, Fifth Avenue Crystal Ltd., Wild & Wolf, Estrela, Galleryplay, LuduScience
Projektanci: (Uncredited)
Artyści: Willem Cornelisz Duyster, Christian Lacroix
Mechaniki: Score-and-Reset Game, Roll / Spin and Move, Dice Rolling, Race, Static Capture, Betting and Bluffing, Track Movement
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Backgammon is a classic abstract strategy game dating back thousands of years. Each player has a set of 15 checkers (or stones) that must be moved from their starting positions, around, and then off the board. Dice are thrown each turn, and each player must decide which of their checkers to move based on the outcome of the roll. Players can capture each other's checkers, forcing the captured checkers to restart their journey around the board. The winner is the first player to get all 15 checkers off the board. A more recent addition to the game is the "doubling cube", which allows players to up the stakes of the game. Although the game relies on dice to determine movement, there is a large degree of strategy in deciding how to make the most effective moves given each dice roll and measuring the risk in terms of possible rolls the opponent may get.
Backgammon may be the first game to be mentioned in written history, going back 5,000 years to the Sumerians of ancient Mesopotamia. During the 1920s, archaeologists unearthed five boards from a cemetery in the ancient town of Ur. At another location, pieces and dice were also found along with the board. Boards from ancient Egypt have also been recovered from the tomb of Tutankhamun, including a mechanical dice box, no doubt intended to stop cheaters.
The names of the game were many. In Persia, Takhteh Nard which means "Battle on Wood". In Egypt, Tau, which may be the ancestor of Senat. In Rome, Ludus Duodecim Scriptorum ("game of twelve marks"), later, Tabula ("table"), and by the sixth century, Alea ("dice"). In ancient China, T-shu-p-u and later in Japan, Sugoroko. The English name may derive from "Bac gamen" meaning "Back Game", referring to re-entry of taken stones back to the board. It was often enjoyed by the upper classes and is sometimes called "The Aristocratic Game". The Roman Emperor Claudius was known to be such a fan of Tabula that he had a set built into his coach so he could play as he traveled (the world's first travel edition?).
The rules in English were standardized in 1743 by Edmond Hoyle. These remained popular until the American innovations of the 1930s.
Backgammon may be the first game to be mentioned in written history, going back 5,000 years to the Sumerians of ancient Mesopotamia. During the 1920s, archaeologists unearthed five boards from a cemetery in the ancient town of Ur. At another location, pieces and dice were also found along with the board. Boards from ancient Egypt have also been recovered from the tomb of Tutankhamun, including a mechanical dice box, no doubt intended to stop cheaters.
The names of the game were many. In Persia, Takhteh Nard which means "Battle on Wood". In Egypt, Tau, which may be the ancestor of Senat. In Rome, Ludus Duodecim Scriptorum ("game of twelve marks"), later, Tabula ("table"), and by the sixth century, Alea ("dice"). In ancient China, T-shu-p-u and later in Japan, Sugoroko. The English name may derive from "Bac gamen" meaning "Back Game", referring to re-entry of taken stones back to the board. It was often enjoyed by the upper classes and is sometimes called "The Aristocratic Game". The Roman Emperor Claudius was known to be such a fan of Tabula that he had a set built into his coach so he could play as he traveled (the world's first travel edition?).
The rules in English were standardized in 1743 by Edmond Hoyle. These remained popular until the American innovations of the 1930s.
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ag.gameitem.lastUpdated: 2025-04-30 05:13:13.637