Backgammon (1630)

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Temps de jeu: 30
Age min.: 8
Joueurs: 2
Editeur: Deuce, Klee, Marigó, Regionalia Verlag GmbH, Przedsiebiorstwo Zagraniczne LABO, Cayro, The Games, Noris Spiele, IRWIN Games, Bütehorn Spiele (Buchholz Verlag), Super Accord, Bisonte, Daells Varehus, S & E, WHSmith, Merit, Fundex, Blatz, ABRA, National Novelty Corp., F.X. Schmid, Pressman Toy Corp., Invicta Games, M Petrushkin, Inovac Rima SA, Ramsons, Majora, Dynamic Games / Dynamic Design Industries, Crisloid, Classic Toys, Ravensburger, Diset S. A., Unicorn Products, Cathay, Palet spil, Spear's Games, Mitra, Square Root Games, OPEN'N PLAY, Arrow Games Ltd, Otto Maier Verlag, RoseArt, Alga, Waddingtons, (Self-Published), MB Spellen, Dos Reis, Schou, CHH Games, Skor-Mor, Oriental Trading Company, Pendleton, Planet Finska, P:OS Handels GmbH, Tactic, The Purple Cow, nestorgames, Challenge Master Game Co Ltd, Chadwick Miller Inc., Maxco, Poolmaster, Wild & Wolf, Jumbo, John Jaques of London, Glevum Games, Editions ATLAS, Dilemma Games, Wood Expressions, Vennerød Forlag AS, Selchow & Righter, Smethport Specialty Co., Ariel Productions Ltd, Neroulia, The Toy Network, Galleryplay, E. S. Lowe Company Inc., Gold Medal, Estrela, Wm F. Drueke & Sons, Inc., Dal Negro, Croner, Schmidt International, John Sands Pty Ltd, HEMA, Hector Saxe, Philos, Milton Bradley, Galison, House Martin, Pavilion, K.E.Leg, Zontik Games, HABA, Joker, Marlboro, MB Spiele, (Unknown), L. P. Septímio, John N. Hansen Co., Inc., Paul Lamond Games Ltd, Berliner Spielkarten, (Public Domain), Basic Fun, Inc., Søstrene Grene, Gammon Games, Gamut of Games, StirlingFox, Węgiel, Piatnik, Golden, Carlit, Fifth Avenue Crystal Ltd., Reiss Games, Caribou Mountaineering, Inc., Lagoon Games, Chad Valley Co Ltd., El Greco, Hasbro, Westside Fun Games, Harlekin, The Op Games, LuduScience, House of Marbles, Halsall, Silk Cut, Magnetic Poetry Inc, Creative Crafthouse, Editrice Giochi, Ludens Planet, Heyne, Juegos Ya S.L., Top Mark, Whitman, Pintoy, Cardinal, Fame Products, Western Publishing Company, Kingstone International, Waddington Sanders Ltd., Gibsons, Flying Tiger Copenhagen, Schmidt France, Schmidt Spiele, Gigliodoro, Bello Games New York, Inc., Ghisò, Origem, Pleasantime Games, Brio AB, Fratelli Fabbri Editori (Fabbri Editore), Pin International, Sterling Games, American Express, Friendly Games, Inc., 3M, Masters Games, play time, ASS Altenburger Spielkarten, Pelikan, Sladecolour Board Games, Saitek, Game Factory, Peri Spiele, Dino Toys s. r. o., Matsui Gaming Machine
Concepteurs: (Uncredited)
Artistes: Willem Cornelisz Duyster, Christian Lacroix
Mécaniques: Betting and Bluffing, Static Capture, Score-and-Reset Game, Track Movement, Roll / Spin and Move, Race, Dice Rolling

Backgammon is a classic abstract strategy game dating back thousands of years. Each player has a set of 15 checkers (or stones) that must be moved from their starting positions, around, and then off the board. Dice are thrown each turn, and each player must decide which of their checkers to move based on the outcome of the roll. Players can capture each other's checkers, forcing the captured checkers to restart their journey around the board. The winner is the first player to get all 15 checkers off the board. A more recent addition to the game is the "doubling cube", which allows players to up the stakes of the game. Although the game relies on dice to determine movement, there is a large degree of strategy in deciding how to make the most effective moves given each dice roll and measuring the risk in terms of possible rolls the opponent may get.

Backgammon may be the first game to be mentioned in written history, going back 5,000 years to the Sumerians of ancient Mesopotamia. During the 1920s, archaeologists unearthed five boards from a cemetery in the ancient town of Ur. At another location, pieces and dice were also found along with the board. Boards from ancient Egypt have also been recovered from the tomb of Tutankhamun, including a mechanical dice box, no doubt intended to stop cheaters.

The names of the game were many. In Persia, Takhteh Nard which means "Battle on Wood". In Egypt, Tau, which may be the ancestor of Senat. In Rome, Ludus Duodecim Scriptorum ("game of twelve marks"), later, Tabula ("table"), and by the sixth century, Alea ("dice"). In ancient China, T-shu-p-u and later in Japan, Sugoroko. The English name may derive from "Bac gamen" meaning "Back Game", referring to re-entry of taken stones back to the board. It was often enjoyed by the upper classes and is sometimes called "The Aristocratic Game". The Roman Emperor Claudius was known to be such a fan of Tabula that he had a set built into his coach so he could play as he traveled (the world's first travel edition?).

The rules in English were standardized in 1743 by Edmond Hoyle. These remained popular until the American innovations of the 1930s.



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ag.gameitem.lastUpdated: 2025-04-30 05:13:13.637