Backgammon (1630)

Spelafbeelding 419cd83f96780f1701967f3bbbf505b4_thb.jpg 🔎
Speeltijd: 30
Min. Leeftijd: 8
Spelers: 2
Uitgever: Estrela, HABA, Smethport Specialty Co., Flying Tiger Copenhagen, Brio AB, ABRA, F.X. Schmid, John Sands Pty Ltd, HEMA, Top Mark, IRWIN Games, Ghisò, American Express, Saitek, Chadwick Miller Inc., Marigó, Pressman Toy Corp., Fratelli Fabbri Editori (Fabbri Editore), El Greco, Wild & Wolf, Berliner Spielkarten, Fundex, The Op Games, Lagoon Games, Origem, Planet Finska, Juegos Ya S.L., Westside Fun Games, Unicorn Products, Regionalia Verlag GmbH, Philos, Gamut of Games, Schou, Editions ATLAS, Zontik Games, Wood Expressions, (Public Domain), John N. Hansen Co., Inc., National Novelty Corp., Hector Saxe, S & E, Editrice Giochi, Bisonte, Ludens Planet, Klee, Square Root Games, Cardinal, Reiss Games, John Jaques of London, Pendleton, Cathay, Dos Reis, Pavilion, (Unknown), MB Spiele, Dynamic Games / Dynamic Design Industries, Schmidt International, Deuce, Magnetic Poetry Inc, nestorgames, Chad Valley Co Ltd., Ariel Productions Ltd, OPEN'N PLAY, Jumbo, Friendly Games, Inc., Creative Crafthouse, Fifth Avenue Crystal Ltd., Palet spil, Croner, Crisloid, Selchow & Righter, Dal Negro, Western Publishing Company, Søstrene Grene, Matsui Gaming Machine, Gammon Games, (Self-Published), Schmidt Spiele, MB Spellen, RoseArt, Blatz, Silk Cut, Kingstone International, Majora, Wm F. Drueke & Sons, Inc., 3M, Halsall, Classic Toys, Waddington Sanders Ltd., Alga, Diset S. A., Gibsons, CHH Games, Daells Varehus, Cayro, The Games, Fame Products, Gigliodoro, Super Accord, Vennerød Forlag AS, Ramsons, E. S. Lowe Company Inc., Sterling Games, Waddingtons, Galison, WHSmith, StirlingFox, Milton Bradley, Piatnik, Pintoy, Invicta Games, House Martin, Masters Games, ASS Altenburger Spielkarten, LuduScience, Tactic, Joker, Merit, Schmidt France, Dilemma Games, Neroulia, Oriental Trading Company, Caribou Mountaineering, Inc., Gold Medal, Pelikan, Carlit, Inovac Rima SA, Basic Fun, Inc., Sladecolour Board Games, play time, Maxco, Węgiel, Przedsiebiorstwo Zagraniczne LABO, Noris Spiele, L. P. Septímio, Arrow Games Ltd, Hasbro, Poolmaster, M Petrushkin, Pleasantime Games, Marlboro, Spear's Games, Whitman, House of Marbles, The Toy Network, Ravensburger, P:OS Handels GmbH, Bütehorn Spiele (Buchholz Verlag), Peri Spiele, Game Factory, Skor-Mor, K.E.Leg, Glevum Games, Paul Lamond Games Ltd, Dino Toys s. r. o., Galleryplay, Pin International, Golden, Mitra, Challenge Master Game Co Ltd, The Purple Cow, Heyne, Harlekin, Bello Games New York, Inc., Otto Maier Verlag
Ontwerpers: (Uncredited)
Kunstenaars: Christian Lacroix, Willem Cornelisz Duyster
Mechanismen: Static Capture, Roll / Spin and Move, Track Movement, Race, Betting and Bluffing, Dice Rolling, Score-and-Reset Game

Backgammon is a classic abstract strategy game dating back thousands of years. Each player has a set of 15 checkers (or stones) that must be moved from their starting positions, around, and then off the board. Dice are thrown each turn, and each player must decide which of their checkers to move based on the outcome of the roll. Players can capture each other's checkers, forcing the captured checkers to restart their journey around the board. The winner is the first player to get all 15 checkers off the board. A more recent addition to the game is the "doubling cube", which allows players to up the stakes of the game. Although the game relies on dice to determine movement, there is a large degree of strategy in deciding how to make the most effective moves given each dice roll and measuring the risk in terms of possible rolls the opponent may get.

Backgammon may be the first game to be mentioned in written history, going back 5,000 years to the Sumerians of ancient Mesopotamia. During the 1920s, archaeologists unearthed five boards from a cemetery in the ancient town of Ur. At another location, pieces and dice were also found along with the board. Boards from ancient Egypt have also been recovered from the tomb of Tutankhamun, including a mechanical dice box, no doubt intended to stop cheaters.

The names of the game were many. In Persia, Takhteh Nard which means "Battle on Wood". In Egypt, Tau, which may be the ancestor of Senat. In Rome, Ludus Duodecim Scriptorum ("game of twelve marks"), later, Tabula ("table"), and by the sixth century, Alea ("dice"). In ancient China, T-shu-p-u and later in Japan, Sugoroko. The English name may derive from "Bac gamen" meaning "Back Game", referring to re-entry of taken stones back to the board. It was often enjoyed by the upper classes and is sometimes called "The Aristocratic Game". The Roman Emperor Claudius was known to be such a fan of Tabula that he had a set built into his coach so he could play as he traveled (the world's first travel edition?).

The rules in English were standardized in 1743 by Edmond Hoyle. These remained popular until the American innovations of the 1930s.



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ag.gameitem.lastUpdated: 2025-04-30 05:13:13.637