Backgammon (1630)
Tiempo de Juego: 30
Edad Mínima: 8
Jugadores: 2
Editor: Croner, MB Spellen, Wm F. Drueke & Sons, Inc., Silk Cut, Deuce, Cayro, The Games, Spear's Games, Ariel Productions Ltd, MB Spiele, Ravensburger, L. P. Septímio, S & E, Schmidt International, Estrela, Westside Fun Games, Wood Expressions, Mitra, Dynamic Games / Dynamic Design Industries, House Martin, John Sands Pty Ltd, Unicorn Products, Pintoy, StirlingFox, Klee, play time, Ludens Planet, Flying Tiger Copenhagen, Philos, Caribou Mountaineering, Inc., Dino Toys s. r. o., M Petrushkin, CHH Games, Friendly Games, Inc., Waddington Sanders Ltd., Masters Games, P:OS Handels GmbH, Jumbo, ASS Altenburger Spielkarten, Maxco, Waddingtons, Milton Bradley, Selchow & Righter, Otto Maier Verlag, The Purple Cow, Whitman, Gamut of Games, El Greco, Przedsiebiorstwo Zagraniczne LABO, Vennerød Forlag AS, Kingstone International, Invicta Games, Classic Toys, Basic Fun, Inc., Berliner Spielkarten, Heyne, Pleasantime Games, Regionalia Verlag GmbH, Saitek, E. S. Lowe Company Inc., Pressman Toy Corp., Gammon Games, John Jaques of London, Paul Lamond Games Ltd, Matsui Gaming Machine, Fame Products, Diset S. A., WHSmith, Piatnik, Dal Negro, Planet Finska, Oriental Trading Company, Majora, The Toy Network, Carlit, Fratelli Fabbri Editori (Fabbri Editore), Bello Games New York, Inc., OPEN'N PLAY, Gigliodoro, Juegos Ya S.L., Palet spil, Western Publishing Company, Super Accord, Creative Crafthouse, Cardinal, Game Factory, F.X. Schmid, Reiss Games, Ramsons, Wild & Wolf, Sladecolour Board Games, Square Root Games, Neroulia, Galleryplay, Smethport Specialty Co., Hector Saxe, (Unknown), Editions ATLAS, Marlboro, Galison, LuduScience, Schmidt Spiele, (Self-Published), Golden, nestorgames, Halsall, Blatz, American Express, Schmidt France, Gibsons, Sterling Games, Chad Valley Co Ltd., ABRA, Inovac Rima SA, Arrow Games Ltd, Crisloid, National Novelty Corp., Joker, Peri Spiele, K.E.Leg, Søstrene Grene, Fifth Avenue Crystal Ltd., Bütehorn Spiele (Buchholz Verlag), Marigó, Noris Spiele, Pavilion, 3M, Dilemma Games, John N. Hansen Co., Inc., Hasbro, Dos Reis, Top Mark, The Op Games, Gold Medal, Alga, Tactic, House of Marbles, Pin International, Daells Varehus, Magnetic Poetry Inc, (Public Domain), Pendleton, Chadwick Miller Inc., Poolmaster, Skor-Mor, Brio AB, Węgiel, Editrice Giochi, Cathay, Harlekin, Merit, Glevum Games, Ghisò, Lagoon Games, Schou, Origem, Zontik Games, RoseArt, HABA, Challenge Master Game Co Ltd, Bisonte, HEMA, IRWIN Games, Pelikan, Fundex
Diseñadores: (Uncredited)
Artistas: Willem Cornelisz Duyster, Christian Lacroix
Mecánicas: Static Capture, Score-and-Reset Game, Race, Betting and Bluffing, Roll / Spin and Move, Dice Rolling, Track Movement
Edad Mínima: 8
Jugadores: 2
Editor: Croner, MB Spellen, Wm F. Drueke & Sons, Inc., Silk Cut, Deuce, Cayro, The Games, Spear's Games, Ariel Productions Ltd, MB Spiele, Ravensburger, L. P. Septímio, S & E, Schmidt International, Estrela, Westside Fun Games, Wood Expressions, Mitra, Dynamic Games / Dynamic Design Industries, House Martin, John Sands Pty Ltd, Unicorn Products, Pintoy, StirlingFox, Klee, play time, Ludens Planet, Flying Tiger Copenhagen, Philos, Caribou Mountaineering, Inc., Dino Toys s. r. o., M Petrushkin, CHH Games, Friendly Games, Inc., Waddington Sanders Ltd., Masters Games, P:OS Handels GmbH, Jumbo, ASS Altenburger Spielkarten, Maxco, Waddingtons, Milton Bradley, Selchow & Righter, Otto Maier Verlag, The Purple Cow, Whitman, Gamut of Games, El Greco, Przedsiebiorstwo Zagraniczne LABO, Vennerød Forlag AS, Kingstone International, Invicta Games, Classic Toys, Basic Fun, Inc., Berliner Spielkarten, Heyne, Pleasantime Games, Regionalia Verlag GmbH, Saitek, E. S. Lowe Company Inc., Pressman Toy Corp., Gammon Games, John Jaques of London, Paul Lamond Games Ltd, Matsui Gaming Machine, Fame Products, Diset S. A., WHSmith, Piatnik, Dal Negro, Planet Finska, Oriental Trading Company, Majora, The Toy Network, Carlit, Fratelli Fabbri Editori (Fabbri Editore), Bello Games New York, Inc., OPEN'N PLAY, Gigliodoro, Juegos Ya S.L., Palet spil, Western Publishing Company, Super Accord, Creative Crafthouse, Cardinal, Game Factory, F.X. Schmid, Reiss Games, Ramsons, Wild & Wolf, Sladecolour Board Games, Square Root Games, Neroulia, Galleryplay, Smethport Specialty Co., Hector Saxe, (Unknown), Editions ATLAS, Marlboro, Galison, LuduScience, Schmidt Spiele, (Self-Published), Golden, nestorgames, Halsall, Blatz, American Express, Schmidt France, Gibsons, Sterling Games, Chad Valley Co Ltd., ABRA, Inovac Rima SA, Arrow Games Ltd, Crisloid, National Novelty Corp., Joker, Peri Spiele, K.E.Leg, Søstrene Grene, Fifth Avenue Crystal Ltd., Bütehorn Spiele (Buchholz Verlag), Marigó, Noris Spiele, Pavilion, 3M, Dilemma Games, John N. Hansen Co., Inc., Hasbro, Dos Reis, Top Mark, The Op Games, Gold Medal, Alga, Tactic, House of Marbles, Pin International, Daells Varehus, Magnetic Poetry Inc, (Public Domain), Pendleton, Chadwick Miller Inc., Poolmaster, Skor-Mor, Brio AB, Węgiel, Editrice Giochi, Cathay, Harlekin, Merit, Glevum Games, Ghisò, Lagoon Games, Schou, Origem, Zontik Games, RoseArt, HABA, Challenge Master Game Co Ltd, Bisonte, HEMA, IRWIN Games, Pelikan, Fundex
Diseñadores: (Uncredited)
Artistas: Willem Cornelisz Duyster, Christian Lacroix
Mecánicas: Static Capture, Score-and-Reset Game, Race, Betting and Bluffing, Roll / Spin and Move, Dice Rolling, Track Movement
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Backgammon is a classic abstract strategy game dating back thousands of years. Each player has a set of 15 checkers (or stones) that must be moved from their starting positions, around, and then off the board. Dice are thrown each turn, and each player must decide which of their checkers to move based on the outcome of the roll. Players can capture each other's checkers, forcing the captured checkers to restart their journey around the board. The winner is the first player to get all 15 checkers off the board. A more recent addition to the game is the "doubling cube", which allows players to up the stakes of the game. Although the game relies on dice to determine movement, there is a large degree of strategy in deciding how to make the most effective moves given each dice roll and measuring the risk in terms of possible rolls the opponent may get.
Backgammon may be the first game to be mentioned in written history, going back 5,000 years to the Sumerians of ancient Mesopotamia. During the 1920s, archaeologists unearthed five boards from a cemetery in the ancient town of Ur. At another location, pieces and dice were also found along with the board. Boards from ancient Egypt have also been recovered from the tomb of Tutankhamun, including a mechanical dice box, no doubt intended to stop cheaters.
The names of the game were many. In Persia, Takhteh Nard which means "Battle on Wood". In Egypt, Tau, which may be the ancestor of Senat. In Rome, Ludus Duodecim Scriptorum ("game of twelve marks"), later, Tabula ("table"), and by the sixth century, Alea ("dice"). In ancient China, T-shu-p-u and later in Japan, Sugoroko. The English name may derive from "Bac gamen" meaning "Back Game", referring to re-entry of taken stones back to the board. It was often enjoyed by the upper classes and is sometimes called "The Aristocratic Game". The Roman Emperor Claudius was known to be such a fan of Tabula that he had a set built into his coach so he could play as he traveled (the world's first travel edition?).
The rules in English were standardized in 1743 by Edmond Hoyle. These remained popular until the American innovations of the 1930s.
Backgammon may be the first game to be mentioned in written history, going back 5,000 years to the Sumerians of ancient Mesopotamia. During the 1920s, archaeologists unearthed five boards from a cemetery in the ancient town of Ur. At another location, pieces and dice were also found along with the board. Boards from ancient Egypt have also been recovered from the tomb of Tutankhamun, including a mechanical dice box, no doubt intended to stop cheaters.
The names of the game were many. In Persia, Takhteh Nard which means "Battle on Wood". In Egypt, Tau, which may be the ancestor of Senat. In Rome, Ludus Duodecim Scriptorum ("game of twelve marks"), later, Tabula ("table"), and by the sixth century, Alea ("dice"). In ancient China, T-shu-p-u and later in Japan, Sugoroko. The English name may derive from "Bac gamen" meaning "Back Game", referring to re-entry of taken stones back to the board. It was often enjoyed by the upper classes and is sometimes called "The Aristocratic Game". The Roman Emperor Claudius was known to be such a fan of Tabula that he had a set built into his coach so he could play as he traveled (the world's first travel edition?).
The rules in English were standardized in 1743 by Edmond Hoyle. These remained popular until the American innovations of the 1930s.
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